Electromagnetic therapy is not one treatment. PEMF and bone-growth stimulators induce small electrical fields in tissue; shortwave diathermy uses radiofrequency energy to generate heat; TMS induces cortical current with high-intensity pulses. Static magnets do not pulse, while TENS and NMES deliver electrical current through skin electrodes.
Clinical value is device- and indication-specific. FDA approval or clearance of one device does not validate an entire category or consumer wellness products. Ask for manufacturer, model, intended use, waveform, frequency, amplitude, target, dose, contraindications, and outcome plan.
Implanted pacemakers, neurostimulators, pumps, cochlear devices, metal, pregnancy, seizure risk, cancer at the target, and impaired sensation can alter safety. Diathermy can cause severe injury or death around implanted neurostimulation systems.